Chuck.



PATENTED JULY 21, 1908. I. A. WEAVER.

CHUCK.

APPLICATION 1-11.21) mm: 15, 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

IRA A. WEAVER, OF SPRINGFIELD, ILLINOIS.

cmrpx. 7

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 21, mos.

Application filed. June 15, 1904. Serial No. 212,740..

l I [T01 all whom iii-my concern:

' eit known that I, IRA A. WEAVER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Spring- .field, in the county of Sangamon andjState -of'Il'llnOlS, have invented. certain new and useful Improvements inChucks, of whichthe following is a specification.

This invention relates to chucks and more i particularly to chucksadapted to hold drills, reamers, taps, and the like, and has among 4;}itssalient objects, to provide a chuck capable of receiving and firmlyholding tools of the character referred to which have round shanks, thussaving the added expense of providing .tools with tapering or speciallyformed shanks; to provide a chuck to which it is possible to attacha'tool and lock it in operative position during full speed of themachine, or from which it is possible to re move such tool without inany way interfaring with or stopping the movement of the machine, makingit possible to instantly re move "a drill or the like and substitute.another of different size; or in tapping holes,

thezrtap can be run through the-work, re-' v leased and allowed to dropout of the chuck and afterwards. instantly replaced without interferingwith a continuous and uniform operation of the machine; to provide achuck of the character referred to adapted to receive tools with shanksof various sizes and to automatically center the tool as it is insortedand locked in the' chuck; to provide 40* particularly pointed out in theappended.

sit

a chuck with gripping jaws in the form of rollers; and in general, toprovide a practicable, durable and efficient chuck of the characterreferred to.

To the above ends the invention consists in-"the matters hereinafterdescribed and more claims.

The invention will be readily understood from the following description,reference-being-had to the accompanying drawings, in

which Figure .1 is an elevation .of the chuck,-

5 is a sectionalviewtaken on line 55, of

Fig, '1 ;.'.Fig. 6 is a'vertical sectional view of thechuck'with shankbroken off to reduce the 'size;{of;.the figure; Fig.1 is an elevationof' itheibody offthe chuekf with all parts removed; Fig. 8 is a verticalsectional view of the body of the chuck; Fig. 9 is an elevation of theroller cage; Fig. 10 is a cross sectional view of said cage on line 101Oof Fig. 9;

Figs. '11 and 12 are detail views of the looking band Fi s. 13 and 14are detail views of the releasing and; Fig. 15 is an elevation ofaspring for releasing band.

Referring to the drawings, 1 desi nates a chuck body comprising a hollowcy 'ndrical shell of uniform exterior diameter as to its lower (portionand of slightly reduced exterior iameter as to its upper portion.

. a 2 designates a ta er shank for attaching the chuck to the. mac incand as different machines require-shanks of different taper, it ispreferably made detachable from the chuck body by a taper drivingfit, asindicated in Fig. 6, although it may be secured in any desirable manner,as by screwing it thereto, or making it inte al therewith.

The chuck b0 y 1 is provided on its interior with a plurality of curved,ec'centrically disposed cam faces 3,. preferably made rough by flutingornurling, and each terminating at one side in a more or less abruptlyinturned portion forming seats 4,

' hereinafter referred to. a

5 designates a circumferentially extending slot throughthe wall of thechuck body and opening into the interior thereof at a point adjacent theend termination of said cam faces.

6 designates a circumferentially extending cam groove or channel outinto the exterior Wall of said body just above the slot 5, and" somewhatshorter; while 7 designates a simllar groove at the upper'edge of thechuck body immediately above and somewhat shorter than the groove6.,said cam grooves beingmade shallow toward one end until they mergeinto the outer surface of the chuck body, as indicated-by Figs. 2, 3 and7 8 designates a cage for'grip ing rolls hereinafter referred to, saidcage being mounted within the chuck body 1 and provided at its upper endwith a spindle 9 seated in a bear-- -ingr10 in the lower end of theshank 2 (see Fig. 6).

The lower end of said cage is provided with a washer-like base 11,.while through the side walls thereof are longitudinally extending slots12 provided at each end. with transversely extending roll seats 13-14within which are seated gripping rolls 15, preferably surfaces. hediameter of said rollsis some provided with fluted or knurled whatgreater than the thickness of said cage wall so that their peripheriesproject slightly beyond said wall into bearing with the cam faces 3,said rolls being adapted to be moved inwardly by the action of saidcamfaces, in the manner and for the purpose hereinafter described.

16 designates a coiled spring -mounted around the spindle 9 upon saidcage and con-, nected atone end with a pin 17 on the inner end of theshank 2 and at the other end to'a pin 18 upon said cage, said springoperating to hold said cage yieldingly in inoperative position withtherolls resting in the seats 4 of the cam faces 3, as indicated in Fig.5.

The cage 8 is provided at its lower end with a central opening 8 adaptedto receive the shank of the tool A, and to this end the rolls 15 arepointed at their lower ends to facilitate the entrance of the tool shankinto the center of thecage. I

In the u per portion'of the cage body is a transverse y extendingwedge-shaped hole 19 arranged to register with the slot 5 in the body ofthe chuck. Into this hole is fitted a key '20 provided with a spring lip20, the outer ends of said key and spring projecting and' moving withinthe slot 5, in 'the manner indicated in Fig. 4.

its exterior with a knurled surface and on its interior with twoprojecting lugs 2223, said band fitting upon the, exterior of said chuckbody and so positioned that the lugs 22-23 rest on opposite sides of theend of the. key '20 and the spring lip 20, there being provided notches24 (see Fig. 7) in the body of the chuck to allow the sleeve tobe placedupon said body. It will be obvious from the foregoingthat if saidlocking sleeve 21 is grasped by the hand of the operator during therevolution of the chuck body, it will op erate to stop the rotation ofthe roll cage within the chuck body, causing the cam faces of the chuckbody to act u on and move the gripping rolls 15 uniform y andsimultaneously toward the axis of the cage, which is concentric with thechuck body, and into gri ping engagement with the shank of the tooinserted therein. The spring lip 20' against which .the holding force isapplied. through the lug 22, is strong enough to over come the tensionof the coiled spring 16 which tends all the while to move the cage andthe rolls contained therein forwardly into open or inoperative position.This construction and arrangement is such that the rolls are held ingripping engagement with the tool shank under spring pressure. In otherwords, the locking sleeve 21 which holds the cage and the-rollers in thegrip ing osition, engages-said cage by means 0 the 'ug 22 pressingagainst the spping lip 20 mounted u on, the key 20 w ch extends throughsai cage When the locking sleeve 21 designates a sleeve or band providedon assess is moved relatively to the chuck body and locked in a givenposition, in a manner hereinafter referred to, it moves said cage withit and holds it by means of the engagement between the lug 22 and thespring lip 20, the tension of the spring lip tending all the while tomove the key 20 and the cage 8 into the gripping position. Uponreleasing the locking means,.to be described, the spring 16 'upon thecage, the tension otwhich has been increased by the relative movement ofthe cage within the chuck body, moves said cage, together with the key20 and sleeve 21, back to the normal or open position. The cam faces,being symmetrically arranged and ofa uniform curvature, operate toautomatically center the tool within the chuck as it is locked intooperative position. In order to automatically lock said locking band andprevent its forward movement when released and the conse uent release ofthe gripping members, a lodlring roll 25 is placed movably withinthecircumferentially extending channel 6 between the body of the chuckand the interior wall of the locking band v21, whereupon as soon as thelocking band starts forward with the moving chuck after being releasedby the operator, the locking roll 25 w'edges between said band and thechuck body with a binding effect, thus preventing the locking band frommoving forward under the tension of the coiled spring 16 and releasingthe gripping members.

A releasing band 26 is provided, having a knurled outer surfacecorresponding to that of the locking band 21 and having on its ir teriora lug 27 adapted to move in the grooi e 7 in the upper part of the chuckbody. Sa? d lug is provided with a pair of downwardly projecting arms28'28 which rest on oppo-' site sides of the locking roll 25 within thelocking band 21. When it is desired to release the locking band and thegripping members, the operator grasps thereleasing band on the revolvingchuck body which operates to carry the locking roll 25 out of itsbinding engagement between the band 21 and the chuck body and allows thelocking band, the key 20 and the cage 8 to be thrown forward under thetension of the spring 16 and thereby release the gripping members. I

In order'to effect an immediate locking by the locking roll, a spring 29is mounted in the groove 7 with its arms pressed against the end wallthereof and the lug 27, thereby holding the roll in such a osition thatit locks immediately upon any orward movement of the locking band andthus prevents the lockmay be. secured in place in anv desirable manner.v In the present instance it is provided with a notch 31 to receive thestud 32, after which it is turned sufficiently to bring the notch out ofregister withthe stud.

The eration of the above described de; vice wil nodoubt be readilyunderstood from the above description, but may be briefly restated asfollows: Assumin that the chuckis mounted. in a machine a apted wardlyinto gripping engagement with the shank of the tool. As the operatorreleases his hold upon the locking band, it starts forward under thetension of the coiled spring,

.whereupon it is locked against forward movemen-t by the binding of theroll 25 between If the oper the band and the chuck body. ator desires torelease the drill tosubstitute another-without stopping the machine, he

, simply grasps the-releasing band 26 the'stopping of which operates tocarry the locking roll 25out of bindin engagement and allows the lockingband to ecarried forward under the tension of the spring 16. Should thisband stickior any reason," the lugl23 elpgagr es t e oping the rear sideof the key 20ena erator to manually turn it forward.

While I have shown a single embodiment of my invention, I wishit to beunderstood that the principle thereof may be embodied in Widel varyinstructures. For example,

I have i lustrater and prefer vto employ a series of cylindrical rollsconstituting the gripping members of the chuck because such rolls arereadily mounted, easily kept in place and afford a long bearin on thetool shank, but it'will be understood that instead of cylindric rolls,ta ered rolls might be employed where the too stock or shank is tapered.Furthermore a series of balls might be substituted for the rollsaffording the like wedg ing action and the long bearing, the cage beingadapted to hold such balls.

I claim: 7 v

1. In a chuck, the combination of a' retatable driving chuck body havinginternal cam tracks, gripping rollers cooperating with said tracks, a cae spacing said rollers apart and housed within said chuck body, andmeans to turn said cage relatively-to said body to throw said rollersinto and vout of toolgripping action, substantially as de scribed.

2. In a chuck, the combination of a hollow body provided with meansadapting it to. be secured to a spindle or other holder, jaws with saidbody, a spacing cage for the jaws roast ble atively to the body,cooperating means between the jaws and the body adapted to move the jawsradially upon relative rotation of the cage and body, and meansextending to the exterior of the body whereby the cage may be rotated topermit the release of the jaws, substantially'as described.

3. In a chuck, the combination of members adapted to grip and release atool or similar article, a chuck body having means to force said membersinto tool gripping position and to permit them to release a tool,

a cage to space said members apart, means acting to move said cage andbodyxrelative to one another to permit said members 'to' release thetool, and means to lock said cage with the members in tool grippingposition,- substantially as described.

4. In a chuck, the combination of rollers adapted to gri and release atool or similar article, a chuc body having cam trackscooperating withsaid rollers to force them into tool gripping position and to permitthem to release a tool, a cage to space said rollers apart, spring meansto move said-cage and body relative to one another to permit saidrollers to release a tool, and means to lock said cage with the rollersin tool gripping position, substantially asdescribed.

5. In a chuck, the combination of tool means to. cooperate with saidmembers to cause them to gr p or permit them to release a tool orsimilar article, a cage for said if members movable relative to saidchuck gripping members, a chuck body having body, manually actuatedmeans to move said cage whereby said members are caused to grip a tool,automatic means to move said cage to' permit said 'members to release atool, and means to lock said cage with the members in tool grippingposition, substantially as described. h

6. In achuck, the combination of members adapted to grip and to releasea tool or similar article, a chuck body having means to "force saidmembers into tool gripping position and to permit them to release atool, a cage for said members, manually actuated means to move said cagerelative to said body whereby said chuck body means.

are caused to operate said members, a spring connection between saidmanually actuated means and said cage whereby the latter is springpressed to position to mai11- tain said" members in gripping relation,and means to lock said manually-actuated means in position,substantially as described;

'7. In a chuck, the combination of. members adapted to grip and torelease a tool or a similar article, a chuck body having means to forcesaid members into tool gripping position and to permit them to releasea' tool, a cage for said members, manually actuated means to move saidcage relative tosaid body whereby said chuck body means are caused tooperate said'members, a spring connection betweengs'aid manuallyactuated means, and said cage'whereby the latter is surfing'pressedilntoposition to maintain said.

moimbers in gripping'relation, a .ositive connection between} saidmanual y actuated means and said cage whereby the latter may be moved tos-uch'aposition that the gripping amembers .iarereleased from the tool,and

f-, means toglocksaid manual-ly actuated means 'position,j-substantially as described;

;8."In .5,chuck body, the combination of. "members adapted togrip and torelease a tool,- a. chuck body having. meansf-to' force said membersinto tool gripping position and to ermit'them to-release a tool, a cagefor sai members, 'a baror key secured to said eagle, av spring fastenedto said cage, a-manua yactu'ated means to move said cage relatiye tosaid-body whereby said chuck body means are caused to'operate saidmembers,

said manually actuated means having projections. engaging said bar orkey and said spring, and means to. lock said manually- 2 1-.

actuated meansin position to .retainsaid members in tool-grippingrelation, substantially as described.

' 9. In a chuck, the combination of members adapted to grip andtorelease a tool or similar article, a chuck body having means toforce.said members into tool' gripping posi' .tion. and to ermit them to"release a tool, a cage for sai members, and a sleeve rotatably mountedon said chuck bo'dy'connected to said cage andadapted to move the latterrelative to said body whereby. said chuck body "means are caused to 0erate said members, substantiallyas-descri ed.

*P Qv d. with. a dis osed gripping rollers arranged to fo'rma. lief forthe reception of a tool shank,; mean for bringing said rollers intofrictional; p

' me'ansto move- I gsubs tantiallyas described; fig I I hersadapteditlo' grip and to" releasef a' tool 3 fi i'clef a v chuckbody-having means;

10.- In a chuck,'the combination of rollers adapted to grip and torelease a tool or similar article, a rotatable chuck body havin camtracks cooperating with said rollers an adapted to force them into toolgripping osition and to permitthem to release a too a .cage for saidrollers rotatably mounted in said chuck body, a sleeve, rotatablymounted on "said body, and means connecting said sleeve with saidcagewhereby the latter maybe turned relative to said body by saidsleeve,

thereby causing said rollers to travel on said cam tracks, substantiallyas described,-

11'. In a-chuck, the combination of a body plurality of longitudinally eagemem with said shank, 'andmean's for r cingthe rollers in theirgripping positionf fl ifi a d 12 In a. chuck,

the combiiiationjhf rce" saidimeinbers intg tool gripp ng;

n and to permit; them .to release a too a r for said members nigvahlerelat yeiy; to.

saa sea said chuck body, and means to lock said'cage with the members intool gripping position, substantially as described.

13. In a chuck, the combination of members adapted to grip and torelease a tool or similar article, a chuck body having means to forcesaid members into tool gripping osition and to permit them to release atoo a cag'efor said members movable relatively to said chuck body, and africtional lock to hold said cage in such position that the members gripthe shank of-the tool, substantially as described.

. and a friction lock cooperating with said last mentioned means andsaid wedge surface to lock said members in tool gripping position,

v substantially as described.

15. .In a chuck, the combination of members' adapted to grip and torelease a tool or similar article, a chuck body having means to forcesaid members into tool gripping position and to permit them to release atool, a cage for said members movable relatively to said chuck body, asleeve to operate said cage, a lock cooperating with said sleeve tomaintain said members in gripping position,

and a releasing sleeve to unlock said'memhers, substantially asdescribed.

1'6. In-a chuck, the combination of rollers I adapted togrip and torelease a tool or similar article, a rotatable chuck body having camtracks to force said rollers into toolgripping position and to permitthem to release a tool, a cage for said members movable relativelyjtosaid chuck body, a cage operating sleeve rotatably mounted. on saidbody,

means. to lock said sleeve with said rollers 1n gripping position,- anda releasing sleeve rotatably mounted on said body adapted to unlock saidcage operating sleeve, substantially as described. 17. In a chuck, thecombination of membersadapted 'to grip and to releasea tool or similararticle, a chuck bodyhavin'g means to force said members into toolgripping position and to permit them torelease a too and awedge surface,a cage for said members movable l relatively to said chuck body,

surfaces, 'to, lock said cage adaptedto,

said cage, a locking roll co-v operating with saidcage moving means andersin gripping position, and cans to unlock said cage, substant ally asdescribed,

vJ18; "Inachuclnjthecombination of rollers grip and to releasea tool orsimiis? ar els, rotatablegchuckf body having 13 internal cam tracksadapted to cooperate with said rollers to force them into tool grippingposition and to permit them to release a too said chuck body also havinga Wed e surface, a cage for said rollersrotatably mounted in said chuckbody, a cage operatinfisleeve rotatable on said body, alocking rcooperating with said. sleeve and with 881d Wedgesurface to lock saidcage Withits rollers-in gripping position, a releasing sleeverotatableon said body and having projec- -tions cooperatin with said locking rollto ,unlock saidcage, substantially as. described.

"'19, In a chuck, the combination. of a chuck body having cam tracks,rollers adapted to '-,co-act with said cam tracksand grip and recausethem to grasp a tool shank including a lease ,a' tool shank, means tomove said roll.

ers relatively to said tracks whereby to sleeve, rotatable on saidbody,and. a second ".ifsle've connected with said rollers, rotatable on saidbody, and adapted to cause said rollers to release the tool shank,substan 'tially as described;

-' 20. Ina chuck, the combination of mem fibers-adapted to grip andrelease a tool or similar article, a chuck body having means to forcesaid members into tool] gripping position and to permit them to a tool,

described.

a cage for said members, manually-actuated means to move saidcagerelatively to said body whereby saidchuck body means are caused tooperate said members, aspring connection between said manuallyeactuatedmeans and said cage wvhereby the latter is spring-pressed to position tomaintain said 1 'mernbers'in gripping relation, means to lock 21. Inchuck, the combination of a plurality of tool gripping'members, a. cageforspacing said'mem ers apart, a chuck body havlng means for causlngsaid members to grip a tool, said cage being housed Within and rotatablerelatively to said chuck body, and a bar orrod located in apertures orrecesses in said chuck body and cage and acting to retain the cage inthe body and limit the rotary travel thereof, substantially as IRA A.WEAVER. Witnesses:

FRED RIGKQ'C. Goo nwrn, i VILLIAM LITZENBERG.

